Gutachten zur Umweltbiologie

Impact of Roads on Human Ecology

Zainab Hamid* and Muhammad Faheem Malik

Roads are the main part of our ecology. Rapid increase in urbanization leads to the increment in the construction of roads. However, they impart both good as well as hazardous effects on our society. This review is related to climatic effects of roads on our ecology. Our main concern of this review is about socioeconomic, and health associated impact of roads in Pakistan. Roads are increasing the air pollution by addition of particulate matters due to roads activity. However, Edge effect is reducing the population by disturbing its breeding behavior, nesting behavior, breeding cycles, movement of species and many other factors. Moreover, Heat increase due to elimination of GHG causes the diseases and even deaths of individuals. We cannot ignore the importance of roads on our economy, but we have to use preventive measures for reducing their harmful effects and increasing their useful aspects.