Samhitha Mukkala
Initial water saturation of oil recovery for rocks is investigated using spontaneous imbibition experiments. Experiments are done by using diluted sea water as imbibing fluid and ocean water as initial water. The impact of pH and Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, and K+ cations concentration change in fluid are investigated. Results are wont to spot the active cations present in carbonate rocks during the low-salinity water injection. Effect of initial water saturation on the oil recovery by low-salinity water injection. The impact might be positive or negative relying on its value and thus the rock permeability. Comparison of divalent cations concentrations shows that the minimum adsorption of Ca2+ and maximum desorption of Mg2+ cause maximum oil recovery of spontaneous imbibition. The results show three cations of Ca2+, Mg2+, and Na+ are present in rocks within the presence of sea water as initial water and diluted sea as imbibing fluid, because the amounts of potassium remain constant.
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